Token classification, VASP and AML duties, the Swiss DLT regime and stablecoins, and how Swiss rules compare with the EU's MiCA framework for crypto firms.
Switzerland regulates crypto by what a token and a business actually do, not by the label they carry. FINMA's 2018 guidelines sort tokens into payment, utility and asset types, and the function decides the law: a payment token brings AMLA duties, an asset token is treated as a security. A business that exchanges, transfers or safekeeps crypto for clients is usually a financial intermediary needing SRO affiliation, and holding third-party assets can reach into banking and securities law.
The DLT Act, the DLT trading-facility licence and FINMA's stablecoin guidance fill in the rest, and a dedicated crypto licence is expected in 2027. The guides below explain token classification, the VASP and travel-rule duties, and how the Swiss approach compares with the EU's MiCA regime for a firm deciding where to base.
Articles on crypto, blockchain & mica
MiCA vs Switzerland: Crypto Regulation Compared
MiCA gives an EU passport under one prescriptive regime; Switzerland stays principle-based outside it. How the two compare for a crypto firm choosing a base.
The stablecoin issuer Switzerland regime explained: deposit-taking, bank guarantee or the 2027 reform. A guide for founders before launch. Advice from Goldblum.
How FINMA sorts tokens into payment, utility and asset types, and why their economic function (not the label) decides which Swiss financial law applies.
Travel rule in Switzerland: the CHF 1,000 threshold under art. 51a AMLO-FINMA, in force since 1 January 2023, data fields required and the unhosted-wallet duty.
What a VASP is under the FATF definition, and how Switzerland regulates crypto exchanges, transfer and custody businesses by substance under AMLA and FINMA.
FINMA authorisation, SRO membership and the FinIA licence categories, with the substance, capital and fit-and-proper tests each approval actually requires.
Opening and running a Swiss bank account, including for non-residents: eligibility, source-of-funds checks, realistic minimums and choosing the right bank.
By what the token does. FINMA's guidelines sort tokens into payment, utility and asset types: a payment token brings anti-money-laundering duties, an asset token is treated as a security. A token can be hybrid, in which case both sets of rules apply at once.
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Does a Swiss crypto business need SRO membership?
Usually. A business that exchanges, transfers or safekeeps crypto assets for third parties is generally a financial intermediary under the AMLA, which means affiliation with a recognised self-regulatory organisation, or a FINMA licence where the activity reaches into banking or securities law.
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Does the EU's MiCA regulation apply to a Swiss company?
Not directly: Switzerland is not in the EU, so a Swiss firm serving Swiss and non-EU clients is governed by Swiss law. MiCA becomes relevant the moment the firm offers services into the EU or wants an EU passport, and that decision is usually what determines where the entity should sit.
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